Use of Torture to Gain Intelligence Research Paper

Utilization of Torture to Gain Intelligence - Research Paper Example There are different purposes behind torment. They incorporate discipline, vengeance, political re-instruction, prevention, cross examination or intimidation. Generally the torment ends up being intentionally lethal, be that as it may, more often than not this isn't the situation and murdering and harming the casualty isn't the sole reason. As per research, torment is anything but a generally excellent method of acquiring data and noteworthy insight. This is on the grounds that after an individual got physical or mental discipline, the psyche separates because of which the data is dependent upon mistakes in memory review. It was until the improvement of Humanism in the seventeenth century, purposely excruciating techniques for execution for serious violations was taken as conceded as a feature of equity. Torment was endorsed by certain states beforehand. In the 21st century, the greater part of the nations have denied torment under the universal and household laws. Under the UN show a nd affirmation of human rights, it is unsatisfactory and is viewed as the infringement of human rights. One of the most questionable parts of the worldwide ‘war on terror’ was the utilization of torment during cross examinations. The United States of America organization for battling the danger of worldwide fear mongering built up a few new techniques. This occurred after the psychological oppressor assaults on 11 September 2001. The confinement and cross examination of the speculated fear based oppressors have been the vital to the United States battle against worldwide psychological oppression (Walton, 2008). As indicated by the universal laws of fighting, similar guidelines of legitimate soldiers were not appropriate for confined psychological oppressors since they were not battling as legal warriors. In any case, some policymakers of the US contended that the utilization of torment ought to be sanctioned to pick up knowledge under certain outrageous conditions. Duri ng the Algerian war of Independence (1954-1962), the French military alongside the Algerian National Liberation Front (FNL) utilized torment.

The Value of Female Friendships

The Value of Female Friendships I met my better half Dana in school, and in the years from that point forward our fellowship has developed exponentially. Nine years prior, Dana revealed to me that she had bosom disease. Shes a survivor. In that time span, my long distance race strolling pal Allison discovered she had appendicidal disease. She also is a survivor. With two close sweethearts in a similar circumstance one that was surely new to us all I ended up asking: How as a sweetheart do I handle this? What do I do to help them? Where do I search for answers? This isn't an article about malignancy. It is an article about the mind blowing life-power underlining the word sweetheart. Sweetheart Support I recall the second I found out about Allisons malignant growth. I didnt need to chat with my better half, despite the fact that he is an incredible man and a mindful companion of Allisons also. I needed to converse with my female companions. I needed their recommendation, their embraces, their true tuning in while I asked ‘why? Looking for counsel, sharing concern, offering help and love, I needed to be around the ladies who saw how I felt and who, I trusted, would assist me with being a superior companion to my companions experiencing one of lifes most unnerving circumstances. Things being what they are, the reason are lady friends so significant? I dove in and read my own requirement for female network and what pulled me toward my companionships as an essential emotionally supportive network in a period an incredible pressure. I was particularly inquisitive to discover why couldnt I fill this need with my significant other or through the insight of books, guides or different networks? Was it just me? Turns out it wasnt. Relationship Research A little research drove me to a spellbinding book that explained the responses to me. The Tending Instinct, by Shelley E. Taylor, opens a portion of the secrets of ladies, men, and the science of our connections. The huge ah-ha! I found in its pages is that this requirement for network with other ladies is natural; it is a piece of our DNA. Taylors book united an assortment of studies covering social variables, many years of research, recounted references-even the organic connections to the sweetheart idea in the set of all animals. A ceaseless stream of intriguing realities characterized why we as ladies are progressively social, greater network engaged, collective, less serious and, most importantly, why we need our sweethearts. Think about these discoveries: Life span - Married men live longer than single men, yet ladies who wed have a similar future as the individuals who dont. Notwithstanding, ladies with solid female social ties (sweethearts) live longer than those without them.Stress - For decades, stress tests concentrated exclusively on male members, accepting that all people would react in a similar way. At the point when these equivalent pressure tests were at long last led on females it was found that ladies dont have the equivalent, great battle or flight reaction to push that men do. As per the examination introduced in The Tending Instinct, ladies under pressure want to tend and become a close acquaintence with. We need to watch out for our young and be with our companions. Time with our companions really decreases our pressure levels.More Stress - An examination directed by the UCLA School of Medicine found that when were with our sweethearts, our bodies discharge the vibe great hormone oxytocin, helping us diminish regular pressure. By organizing our female fellowships and investing energy with these companions, we exploit an exceptionally basic, common approach to diminish our pressure. Significantly More Stress - Prairie voles, a monogamous rat, have a comparable reaction to push. At the point when a male vole is placed in an upsetting circumstance, he rushes to his female accomplice. Female voles, when focused, promptly hurry to the females they were raised with.Self-Esteem - An ongoing report by Dove showed that 70% of ladies feel prettier as a result of their associations with female companions. Its nothing unexpected that our confidence is exceptionally affected by our lady friends; this is essential to comprehend for young ladies just as women.The Health Factor - Women without solid social ties hazard medical problems comparable to being overweight or a smoker-its that genuine. Kinships Waning With all Ive found that is acceptable about female kinships, I was baffled to run over a national study from 2006 that found a sharp decrease in fellowships. Research co-creator Lynn Smith-Lovin, a humanist at Duke University stated, From a social perspective, it implies youve got more individuals detached. When were confined, we dont have each other to help us through predicament like storms or flames, money related battles or relationship changes, bitterness or malignant growth. Without people group of ladies, we regularly pass up on chances to be associated with our urban areas, to gain from one another, to sympathize with other ladies and to share the advantages of giggling and a genuine embrace. As ladies, we in some cases should be reminded what being a sweetheart methods. Over and over again it assumes a disease or misfortune to hit us with the real world, acknowledgment, and valuation for kinship. That update can likewise be as straightforward as a mindful card, an embrace or a messaged photograph. Every so often we just need to set aside the effort to consider our companions, stop and live at the time, and assuming there is any chance of this happening, commend that second. Hear some terrible news? Call a sweetheart. Have something incredible to celebrate? Offer that festival with a companion. Need to feel prettier, be less focused, be more advantageous and more joyful? Invest some energy with your BFFs. Like the terrifying, groundbreaking analyses of my dear sweethearts, perceive your own requirement for kinships and occupy that need with time and recollections together. Life is better along with your sweethearts. NOTE: Research for this article fundamentally credited to The Tending Instinct by Shelley E. Taylor. Extra data was gotten structure Kappa Delta, NWFD realities, and the Dove Beauty study.

13 Effective Sales Strategies to Help You Close Deals Faster

13 Effective Sales Strategies to Help You Close Deals Faster The pace of business is accelerating. Most clients expect their products to be delivered very quickly, but they usually find it hard to make quick decisions about the purchase.There are many similar products on the market today which solve similar problems. The plethora of options to choose from, sometimes paralyze the mind of a prospective client and make it difficult for them to make quick decisions.With many salespeople differing in skills and experiences trying to a sell similar product, the salesperson that will have the most success will be the person who knows how to persuade, influence and win the trust and confidence of prospective clients. Despite the number of people in the same business, you can stand out by learning how to sell more at a faster rate than any other salesperson.That comparison shopping is on the rise doesnt mean you cannot close deals faster.It only means that your old strategies may not work. If you dont try out some new moves, you may be defeated in ever y sales battle and lose so much money and fame. Almost every salesperson has encountered some problems at one point or the other while trying to sell products or services to their prospects.Prospects that prove to be very stubborn or unyielding make it difficult to close deals easily.If youve always wished you could close more deals in a short time, there could be some effective sales strategies that will help you achieve your desire.Many people work hard to be great salespeople but have problems with closing deals.Here, however, we worked tirelessly to find and analyze the ways a salesperson can significantly shorten his sales cycle length.After our research, we have found 13 levers that can make a big impact in the sales world.The major aspect is about learning how to increase the rate of your sales by convincing the buyer that purchasing now is the right decision.This, of course, means you must build confidence with the prospective client and be able to always provide the right i nformation, at the right time, and to the right person.But how can you achieve this?1. MEET WITH THE DECISION MAKERMany salespeople try to make sales to a company and spend a lot of time analyzing and convincing someone who is not in the position to decide for the company about a product.After all the time spent (sometimes hours or even days) and a great job of convincing a lead, they then realize that the person they have spent so much time with is not the actual decision maker.This, of course, leaves them discouraged, sapping all their energy and enthusiasm. They realize that they have spent days focusing on the wrong guy and may not make any sales. This is a very common speed bump in the sales world and you have to try as much as possible to avoid it.You have to go to the decision maker.The decision maker depends on the size of the company. The decision maker in a small company is usually the CEO or CMO.Hence, you should go to them to convince them and make them buy your product. However, if you go to a larger company or organization, they have some specific people or departments that deal with sales.Hence, you may not have to meet directly with the CEO (dont spend days seeking an appointment to meet him).The decision maker for a larger organization is the Sales Director, Head of Sales Operations, or Head of Demand Gen.To avoid the error of meeting the wrong person, it is important to invest in tools that will allow your sales team to correctly double check if they are trying to make sales to the right person.Nobody wants to waste their time selling to someone who is not in the position to make the decision to buy.2. HAVE ADEQUATE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT YOUR PRODUCT OFFERINGSThe more knowledge you have about your product, the more confident you will be whenever youre interacting with your prospect about your product offerings. If you have a thorough understanding of what you stand for, and the products you sell, youll be more enthusiastic when interacting with your prospect.This will make the prospects understand the decisions they are making and hence you can close deals faster. It is compulsory that you are articulate with your product knowledge because that will go a long way in determining if youre going to be successful in winning the trust of your prospect or not.If you have a deep and vast knowledge about your product, your ability to communicate will be strengthened and your presentation of the product would be able more effective.You should know everything about the product like the back of your hands, deliver a comprehensive and genuine sales pitch, and explain to the buyer in ways that will appeal to him. Know what youre trying to sell! Knowledge is power for salespeople.Get knowledge, close sales faster.3. UNDERSTAND YOUR CUSTOMERS NEEDDont be so eager to show off the boundless knowledge you have about a product youre offering that you forget to understand what your customer really needs.You have to actively listen to your prospec t, and understand their needs and the challenges they are facing. You have to understand how your product or service will help that individual or organization.Knowing what specific problems it will solve and how it will help improve their lives or profit will help you go a long way. To whet the appetite of the buyer for the product, try to put some life into your sales pitch by avoiding mechanical or monotone explanations. Explain to the prospects in ways that appeal to them.Should a prospect sense that youre just explaining off a script, then you most probably wont close that deal. It is important you specifically and correctly address the major pain point of your buyer and connect with them.Try to understand the goals they have and the hurdles they have to overcome and build your conversation around this, focusing on how your products can meet their needs. It is very important to give a listening ear to your prospective clients.Dont think about another deal when in a conversation with a prospective client. Practice active listening.4. PREPARE FOR QUESTIONS AND OBJECTIONSHaving a positive mental attitude is a crucial quality of successful salespeople.However, it can also cloud your sales strategy and critical thinking. Not everybody will take your explanation hook-line-and-sinker.You have to be prepared for objections to your ideas. Dont let the buyers objection and questions take you by surprise. Dont be too swept along by enthusiasm that you never really consider the possibility of being objected.It is not in any way cool to get caught right in the middle of presenting a product with an objection you cant surmount or a question you cant give a definite answer to. If you have to ask to respond to the questions or objections later, or you give a stammering not-so-sure answer, you not only slow down your sales, but youve also jeopardized the possibility of making the sales to happen at all.If you dont want an awful news late in the game, you should employ the method of asking critical questions and challenging any assumptions so that you can forecast what could go wrong before it actually does.It is a brilliant move to sit down with your entire sales team and have each of them come up with objections they think they might anticipate. Present your sales pitch to them and see if you or any member of your team may have missed any objection.You can then log all those uncommon questions or objections you encountered in a central repository that is accessible to everyone involved in selling your product, and put the answer there.The document should be kept up to date, and should also be stored in a way that will make it possible to easily and quickly reference it if need be. If you can learn from each interaction, the next one will always be better. Prospects mostly dont know much about your services and usually have many questions to ask.The key to closing deals faster could be embedded in your ability to patiently and intelligently answer an y questions put up by the prospect.5. CREATE A SENSE OF URGENCYHave you ever been in such a situation and was naturally compelled to get a product because of the deadline placed on the product at a discount? If you can apply that feeling to your own sales, you will discover that you have the key to accelerate the closing of deals.If you want to close a deal very fast, create a sense of urgency around the product. Creating this urgency can be as simple as announcing a deadline, after which the current price will change. It is wise, however, not to create fake deadlines.You could simply ask your prospect if they can decide on the purchasing the product by a certain date. If they make a decision on your product, you can make them stick to it by offering a really effective discount.If you attach a deadline to the deal, you will help give the prospective client an incentive to make a commitment.Whether its giving a free gift or a discount, make the client feel like they have the upper ha nd. Dont try to rush the customer.Only try to give them a little extra reason why they should buy your product or service.Let them come to the conclusion in their heads that your product or service is the right choice, and the best time to make a decision on this choice is right now.6. GIVE QUICK RESPONSEPeople dont like to wait for too long to get what they want. When a prospective client requests a quote, you must not make him wait for long. The process of creating a sales quote may be time-consuming, and a long wait and hold time may cause a drastic reduction in your sales potential.Therefore, if you spend hours creating quotes, you may experience lost sales.However, the process involved in creating a sales quote need not take long. If you desire to speed up your quoting process, a CPQ tool may be essential.A CPQ tool has the ability to create complex quotes in minutes. They also come with ready-made sales quote templates. This will save time, help you avoid costly errors and mak e it possible for you to close bigger deals faster.Creating custom templates that is just perfect for your branding is no longer a problem! It is a smart choice to have a CPQ cloud solution.With this, all you require to access and operate the system is an internet connection. Cloud-based tools make your data available online at all times. This is advantageous because you are able to create quotes from anywhere, at any time.With these tools, your prospects can also easily view and approve the Sales quote online, therefore speeding up the ordering process.Giving a quick response also applies to returning calls, texts and emails. Make your prospect feel important by giving rapid responses that answer their questions or dispel their doubts. 7. STREAMLINE YOUR SALES PROCESSTime is literally money in the business world. Technology has come to the aid of business to make some tasks completed more rapidly.The sales process need not take a long time anymore. It has to be streamlined to be ab le to keep up the pace with demand.If your sales process is slow, it implies that your sales team will spend a lot of time and effort in closing deals. With a longer sales cycle, your leads may grow cold. If you streamline your sales process, you will save time, close more deals, and boost your productivity.In order to shorten the sales cycle, it is important to automate important processes that are important for the effective and efficient performance of your sales team. Repetitive tasks can be automated by using tools like CRM, CPQ (configure price quote), etc.This will go a long way in helping to increase sales performance and grow revenue.It is also very important to simplify your sales process. This is to make it easier to comprehend by the client and hence, making them to quickly decide on getting your products without having to do more research on their own.8. FOLLOW-UP REGULARLYA regular follow-up of your prospects is a must if you want to move your sales forward. This is be cause many deals are usually not closed in a single meeting.Constant communication with your prospects will make them know you have them in mind, and as such, they will not want to disappoint you. If you dont get in touch with your prospects frequently, they may get stuck in your sales funnel. With a regular follow-up, you get another chance to come across to your prospective clients as excellent.If the interest of your prospect in your product or service wanes along the way, an effective follow up can help you regenerate their interest and encourage them to make purchasing decisions.A follow-up can be as simple as a phone call or direct email. Dont overlook it. It most certainly helps in closing deals.9. BE REAL, BE YOURSELFWith all the information you have about your product, dont feign enthusiasm when presenting your product or service to a prospect.A client can easily perceive if youre being genuine during the sales process or not. Your client should sense that youre being yours elf through the presentation.It is also important that you pass the message that you care about their business and not just the deal. If you come off too calculated, many people will be turned off.There is nothing wrong with being prepared. Its okay to dress smart and appear ready for every question that comes your way.However, remember that it is the customers best interest you have at heart.Make them feel important.10. KNOW YOUR COMPETITORSTo close deals faster, it is critical to expect and neutralize the competition. You should ask questions like What plans do they have to make them win? Whose help is crucial to them? What do they usually say about us?You must be able to show how you solve the challenges of the client better than other competitors.Competing is tough for business.But knowing your competitors makes you work harder and hence, your business becomes better.Competition is actually a blessing in disguise.If you are able to recognize your strong points, you can use those areas in which you are better than your competitors to lead to a quick close. This all boils down to adequate preparation.Carry out an extensive research and take note of the beneficial things youre doing but that your competition is not. If you highlight this difference, it can make all the difference.Dont ignore this point, it is oftentimes your biggest selling point.11. WATCH WHAT YOU SAYThere are more minefields than ever. Dont shoot yourself in the leg. Dont be so eager to say something that you end up putting your foot in your mouth.If there are certain areas of your product or service you dont fully understand, learn them thoroughly or avoid taking yourself to those uncharted waters.Keep your talk to the point and focus on your areas of expertise. Also, dont get all emotional when trying to make a sale. Dont sound too desperate too. You want to remain real and personable, but you have to remain professional.12. ASK FOR THE SALEAfter all your preparation, and making your clie nt interested in your service, simply ask for the sale. Good closers unfailingly ask for the sale.They dont practice sitting on their hands and hoping for a sale, neither do they wait for the client to raise their hand and volunteer to buy.Good closers seize the moment. Some closing techniques include the direct close, the assumptive close, and the choice close. The Direct CloseAs the name implies, this close is direct and to the point. The best closers tend to use this closing technique quite often. For instance, you could ask;So, Sam, would you like to place that order now?This technique will make the prospect give a definitive answer one way or another. It is easy and quick. The Assumptive CloseHere, you assume the sale has been made. Here, the client is required to make a minor administrative decision. For example, you could ask;Okay Morgan, how many would you like?This is the most popular closing technique. It is less assertive than the direct close. The Choice CloseThis is an assumptive close with options. Here, the client is required to make a decision on two administrative points rather than on a major purchase. For example:Which would you like to begin with. The 3-pack or the 5-pack?All these non-aggressive closing questions will make the buyer feel comfortable while you still have some pressure on them.13. INVOKE A VOW OF SILENCESilence is an itch that needs to be scratched.If you want to close a deal on the telephone, always invoke a vow of silence after asking for the sale. When you ask for the sale, keep quiet until the prospect speaks. Silence is a very powerful and effective tool in closing deals through telephone compared to face to face selling.This silence will actually work for you. Silence on the telephone is usually perceived as about six times longer than it really is. This is because unlike a visual transaction, there is no visual distraction in sales through a telephone. Silence creates a degree of tension by creating a vacuum in the co nversation, making the prospect feel compelled to fill the silent void. The tension created is a 2-Way Tension.It works in both ways.However, since youre aware of the tension in the first place, you could feel it less. Dont give in to the overwhelming impulse to fill in the void with a rush of further comment on the product or service, and never go to the extreme of offering the prospect more time to think about the offer!To be an effective closer, you have to resist the urge to break the ice because you are aware that any sort of additional conversation may detract the prospect from making a quick decision. Invoke a vow of silence and wait it out.Let your client have the time to digest your offer, let them have the time to weigh their options. Just wait long enough and give them time to say yes!CONCLUSIONThe faster you close deals, the more successful you will become in the business world. If youre able to hone these skills and practice them, youll be an unbeatable salesperson and enjoy many promotions.Yes, you can be a great closer.Remember, you attract what you think!I really do hope these tips helped. See you at the top.

Eight Signs of Jesus - 4142 Words

LIBERTY UNIVERSITY The Eight Signs and Miracles in Gospel of John ON-LINE LEARNING CAMPUS Rick Buck Submitted by Karen Teresa Galbreath February 8, 2012 Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction 3 Chapter 2 The First Sign Miracle: Turning Water to Wine 4 Chapter 3 The Second Sign Miracle: Healing the Nobleman’s Son 6 Chapter 4 The Third Sign Miracle: Healing of the Lame man 8 Chapter 5 The Fourth Sign Miracle: Feeding the 5,000 with Bread and Fish 10 Chapter 6 The Fifth Sign Miracle: Jesus Walking on Water 12 Chapter 7 The Sixth Sign Miracle: Healing of a Blind Man 14 Chapter 8 The Seventh Sign Miracle: Resurrection of Lazarus from death to life 16 Chapter 9 The Eighth Sign Miracle: Miraculous Catch†¦show more content†¦TH. D., D. Min., Woodrow, Michael Kroll, Th. D., The KJV Parallel Bible Commentary P. 2080 [4] McGee, Vernon J., The Gospels of John Chapters 1-10 P. 43 Chapter 3 The Second Sign Miracle: Healing the Nobleman’s Son The second miracle involved a nobleman’s son. The nobleman’s son was very sick and lived in Capernaum. The nobleman heard that Jesus was coming into Galilee, and approaches Him and ask if He would heal his dying son. Jesus replies, â€Å"that unless ye see signs and wonders ye will not believe.† John 4:48 According to Dr. Towns, this miracle showed power over space. Jesus did not travel to the man’s son to perform the act, but performed the miracle from a distance. Twice John mentions the faith of the nobleman. First, he â€Å"believed the word that Jesus spoke to him† (John 4:50) Later, when that word was confirmed, â€Å"he himself believed† (John 4:53). The first expression of faith was faith in the spoken word of God, and the second expression of faith was in the incarnate Word of God. This sign was significant in that not only the father believed but also his whole household, which would include not only his family but also his servants. This is the first example of salvation to all that believe.†[5] The nobleman comes to faith in the Lord Jesus Christ and he brings his whole family with him. For it says in verse 53, â€Å"And himself believed and his whole house.† This just goes to show that the even most powerful people in this world, whenShow MoreRelatedSigns: the Eight Miracles Pointing to Jesus as Messiah1884 Words   |  8 PagesSigns: The Eight Miracles Pointing to Jesus as Messiah Not all miracles are signs pointing to the deity of Jesus, but all signs are miracles. Signs communicate unique teachings in addition to their demonstration of power of God (â€Å"Thoughts on the Eight Signs of John’s Gospel†). John, the disciple whom Jesus loved, only records eight of the many miracles preformed by Jesus during his three year ministry on earth. John chose miracles that reveal Jesus as God in the flesh. This reflection ofRead MoreEight Signs Miracles Jesus Performed and His Deity1728 Words   |  7 PagesEIGHT SIGNS MIRACLES JESUS PERFOMED AND HIS DEITY LIBERTY UNIVERSITY 201330 SUMMER 2013 BIBL 160 – D01 LUO WILLA AYCOCK JULY 29,2013 The first sign miracles Jesus performed were when he had gone to a wedding in Cana John 2:1-12). Jesus and his disciples (6 of them) had arrived at the wedding, which was already in progress. This miracle symbolizes the Church’s (the bride’s) relationship to Christ (The bridegroom). Mary, Jesus mother was at the wedding as well. She went to Jesus and toldRead MoreThe Signs Of The Gospel Of John Essay1729 Words   |  7 Pagespersonally sees and feels Jesus for himself. To which, on His appearance, Jesus said to him, â€Å"Because you have seen Me, have you believed? 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This book was written to convey andRead MoreEssay on Exegesis of Matthew915 Words   |  4 PagesExegesis of the Gospel according to Matthew Chapter 5:3-12 The Eight Beatitudes In Matthews Gospel, starting with Chapter five verses three through twelve, Jesus tells us of the Eight Beatitudes. These verses are much like The Ten Commandments in nature, but more philosophical:  · Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven.  · Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted.  · Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the Earth.  · Blessed are thoseRead MoreI Am Bibl 323 Paper1315 Words   |  6 Pages323-D08 12/10/2012 We are often searching for answers to find out who Jesus was or what His teachings really meant. John includes eight different situations in which Jesus gives what are known as the â€Å"I Am† statements. 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Essay Themes of Dark They Were And Golden Eyed by Ray...

In the story Dark They Were And Golden Eyed, by Ray Bradbury, a great story that he develops themes of fear, change and symbol and label. The author uses techniques of similes, metaphors and personification that explain and convey them to the reader very powerfully. A clear and important theme developed in the story by Ray Bradbury through the use of personification is fear. In the sentence, ?The fear was never gone? it lay with Mr and Mrs Bittering, a third unbidden partner at every midnight talk?. The author creates fear among the humans by using personification to show the unbidden partner as a person, but we recognise what it really is. Ray Bradbury is trying to show that the unbidden partner is fear becoming real.. There was†¦show more content†¦As I held my breath and trying to get to the surface, I felt like I was not going to get up again. Then I felt we were slowing down and I slowly came up from a couple of metres of water and I felt relived as I got up and walked onto the shore. The fear and change is discussed in this short story are connected because the Bitterings are constructed to be very fearful of change that may be happening. The second theme, that Ray Bradbury discusses is the change occurring around Mr and Mrs Bittering. In the story, it is said that very dim gold flecks are starting to appear in the eyes of the humans. Also, the plants that they are growing on Mars are changing in colour, as is the taste of food. These show change, everything is changing and is out of the Bitterings control. With the food and their bodies changing, this is presented as creating a great fear inside the character. One I experience fear that was when I moved from our farm into the city. It was the biggest change of my life, moving from 20,000 acre of land surrounding me to only  ¼ of an acre. This created great fear inside me because I have never lived in a town before or gone to a school with 500 students. I felt claustrophobic in town and scared. The Martians must have something to do with the change of the humans on mars and have in some way felt like me. The changing of them could be some kind of punishmen t to the humans because they have invaded there land.Show MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCity Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services: Ashley Santora Acquisitions Editor: Brian Mickelson Editorial Project Manager: Sarah Holle Editorial Assistant: Ashlee Bradbury VP Director of Marketing: Patrice Lumumba Jones Senior Marketing Manager: Nikki Ayana Jones Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Production Project Manager: Becca Groves Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Operations Specialist: Cathleen Petersen

Under the Bridge Song Analysis Free Essays

15 April 2010 Essay 2: Poetry â€Å"Under The Bridge† Under the bridge is a song by Red Hot Chili Peppers, written by vocalist Anthony Kiedis. Keidis reference to â€Å"bridge†Kiedis use of imagery in the lyrics to this song communicate a dark time in his life but also as a listener we can relate with a difficult time in our own life. The symbolism used by Kiedis in reference to his feeling of solitude and long battle with drug addiction. We will write a custom essay sample on Under the Bridge Song Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Rhyme and rhythm are two of the main features in this song. The rhythm affects the whole mood, tone and meaning of the song. The melancholy can be felt in the first stanza, â€Å"Lonely as I am together we cry. † Kiedis has chosen different methods to give the song specific sounds that affect the pace and structure of the rhythm. The speed of the song begins quite slow not too intense but slowly the tempo picks up as he describes, â€Å"I don’t ever wanna feel like I did that day. † The feelings of loss bring him to depression and remind him of his struggles with drug abuse. The reference in the third stanza â€Å"take me to the place I love take me all that way† can suggests that Kiedis is taken back to the feeling of being high on drugs. Metaphorically he is attempting to overcome drug addiction but can’t help loving the feeling he gets when he is high. â€Å"The loneliness that I was feeling triggered memories of my time with Ione and how I’d had this beautiful angel of a girl who was willing to give me all of her love, and instead of embracing that, I was downtown with gangsters shooting speedballs under a bridge. (Kiedis 204) Kiedis memory of such a time stimulated his response of loneliness as he is doing so in song to his listeners. Drawing back from the people he was once so close with gave him an overwhelming feeling of loneliness and solitude, as he described, â€Å"Sometimes I feel like I don’t have a partner sometimes I feel like my only friend like my only friend is the city I live in the city of Angels† ( Peppers) The descriptions of the city being his only stronghold during this difficult ime are realized in his city of Los Angeles which he feels would never leave him alone as some of his relationships at that time. The city is stable, and he is able to depend on her being there to support him. He refers to the city as his â€Å"companion†, and he does not have to hide from her because she already knows his deepest secrets but has yet to abandon him. It’s interesting to see the different interpretations to this song, but I do believe Kiedis was clearly recounting his drug addiction in a very personal yet abstract manner. Revealing the solitude one has to endure when they find themselves in such a state. My understanding of the song shows the contemplation, withdrawal, and the acceptance of taking a dark path in life. Literature can be subtle or obvious, used carefully or carelessly. The repetition of the third stanza signifies meaning and creates a strong sonic effect to the listener. Kiedis use of this can be found in the chorus, â€Å"I don’t ever wanna feel like I did that day take me to the place I love take me all the way. (Peppers) The text states, â€Å"We all hear sounds differently depending on the meaning and context. † (Beiderwell 522) The feeling this song gives me may be totally different that it may give someone who has experienced an addiction or feeling of despair. In general, the lyrics deals with particular things in concrete language, since our emotions most readily respond to his emotion and expressions. From Kiedis particular situation, the listener may then genera lize by implication from the particular. â€Å"She sees my good deeds and she kisses me windy and I never worry now that is a lie. (Peppers) The use of personification occurs here when he describes inanimate objects as human that is, giving them human attributes, powers, or feelings. He is not literally speaking of a person but showing his connection with the city he loves so much, as the only person he feels loved by. Images suggest meanings beyond the mere identity of the specific object. (Purdue) Poetry â€Å"plays† with meaning when it identifies resemblances or makes comparisons between things, such as the Los Angeles being his only friend. In the last stanza, â€Å"Under the bridge downtown is where I drew some blood under the bridge I could not get enough under the bridge forgot about my love under the bridge I gave my life away† (Peppers) Kiedis is recounting a low point in his life where he feels he surrendered his life to this addiction to drugs. This use of imagery is most valuable as a mode of perception that assists the listener to see around and to see the often conflicting interpretations that come from our examination of life. In other words his message is most certainly concrete and particular it’s implied by the images of him under this bridge drawing blood which is what heroin addicts do. Works Cited Beiderwell, Bruce and Jeffrey M. Wheeler. â€Å"The Literary Experience. † Beiderwell, Bruce and Jeffrey M. Wheeler. The Literary Experience. Boston: Thomson Higher Education, 2008. 217-229. Kiedis, Anthony. Scar Tissue. New York: Hyperion, 2004. Peppers, Red Hot Chili. â€Å"Under The Bridge. † Blood Sugar Sex Magik. cond. Anthony Keidis. By Anthony Keidis. Los Angeles, 1992. Purdue, Owl. Owl Purdue. 21 April 2010. 07 April 2010 . How to cite Under the Bridge Song Analysis, Papers

Management and Motivation in Business Management- Free Sample

Question: Discuss this question: Can a manager instil motivation into employees or is motivation a process of drawing out something from employees? Discuss coaching? Provide a map of the various theories of work motivation and explain the map? Discuss John Holland theory of personality and job fit as an explanation of work motivation? Describe the difference between a content theory and a process theory of motivation? Answer: Executive Summary Motivation can be defined as a series of action performed by the managers, supervisors or coworkers within an organization so as to bring out the actual potential of the work force. Motivational activities have become very much relevant in almost all organization. It has become an essential factor so as to make the employees to reach their objectives (Nohria, Groysberg and Lee, 2008). Managers in an organization should understand the importance of motivation and its impact over the employees. Through motivation managers can put a hold or control over the behavior of the employees in a positive way. A manager can certainly instill the motivation into employees and can draw the desired output from them through various motivational techniques. Managers adopts various approaches of motivation like monetary, non monetary, rewarding system, recognition etc for motivating the employees (Cruz, Prez Cantero, 2009). There are various theories of motivation highlighted in the scientific and mo dern management theories. The managers can take these theories as their guidelines and can implement it on their employees based on the work place situation and the organizational policies. Each employee within an organization will be different and varied behaviors. The managers should have the ability to understand those behaviors and should adopt appropriate motivational approaches. The managers should identify appropriate strategies for implementing these strategies. This paper discuss about the management and motivational approaches (Kimball, Nink, 2006). This paper highlights various motivational theories and its importance and relevance in the modern organization. Various motivational theories like content and process theories are explained and their differences are highlighted in this paper. Introduction In the managing process employee motivation is considered as an important part. A team of highly qualified and motivated employees is necessary for achieving objectives of an organization. It is only through motivation process, they contribute maximum for accomplishing goals. Motivation has a direct relationship with the performance of the employees. If a manager could properly motivate employees by identifying their needs then they can create good achievements. There are various ways through which the management motivates their employees (Hafiza, Shah, Jamsheed Zaman, 2011). The managers can motivate their employees both in formal and informal ways. In some organizations the managers will involve employees in decision making process, putting forward their opinions and ideas, assisting in formulating various strategies etc. These actions form the indirect form of motivating employees. Providing relevant training and development can build the confidence and the potential of the emplo yees which can motivate them positively. It will help the employees to put their maximum effort to increase their productivity. They also adopt various theories of motivation which supports their mode of motivation (Shanks, 2006). Management and Motivation Motivation in work place can generate desired output from the workers. Managers can efficiently instill motivation into employees through some efficient methods like coaching. Coaching is the training session conducted for the employees to develop their technical knowledge, interpersonal skills, personality etc. This session will provide them with confidence and will bring out their efficiency to perform a particular task in a better way. This can motivate the employees in a positive way. Coaching can be provided to employees on the job as well as off the job. A manager can select the method of coaching depending on the nature of work and the behavior of the employees (Ledgerwood Petry, 2006). While considering the theories of motivation there is three types of motivation which includes content theory of motivation, process theory and reinforcement theory of motivation. Content theory highlights which factors motivates the employees in a work place. Process theory highlights why an employee should be motivated and how they should be motivated. The reinforcement theory highlights how the outcome of a process influences the behavior of the employees (Dembo, Seli, 2007).). Some theories which under pins these concepts are mentioned below Content Theory This theory is associated with identifying various factors which can motivate the employees. The theories which comes under this is Maslows Hierarchy of needs According to his theory of needs when the lower level needs of an employee is satisfied then his need for higher level raises. His hierarchical pyramid of needs includes physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs and self actualization needs. Once a manager is successful in fulfilling those needs he or she will be motivated (Gagn Deci, 2005). Alderfers ERG Theory This theory explains existence, relatedness and growth needs of the employees. Existence explains the willingness of an employee for physiological well being. Relatedness is his desire to get satisfied in his interpersonal relationship. Growth explains career and personal growth and development (Griffin, Moorhead, 2011). Herzbergs two factor Theory According to this theory there are two factors which can motivate or de-motivate the workers in a work place. They are satisfiers or motivators and dis-satisfiers or hygiene factors respectively. Motivators include achievement, recognition, work itself, responsibility, advancement and growth. Hygiene factors include company policy, supervision, and good relationship with boss and peers, working condition and salary (Jones, Lloyd, 2005). McClellands three-need theory This theory explains the need for achievement of personal goals, need for competence to deliver timely and quality work. It also explains the power of an employee to influence others and affiliation to relate people efficiently (Latham, Pinder, 2005). Process Theory Adams equity Theory Adams theory of job motivation explains that there are several variable factors which can influence the assessment and perception of the employees about their job and their employers. According to this theory a fair balance should be maintained between the employee input and the output. The employee input includes hard work, skill level, tolerance, enthusiasm etc and an employee's output includes salary, benefits, recognition etc (Falk, Fischbacher, 2006). Reinforcement Theory According to this theory an individuals behavior is considered as a function of its consequences. It explains that the positive consequences of a particular behavior will tend an employee to repeat it and negative consequences will tend an employee to not to repeat it. Here the manager can have a control over the employee behavior through the adopting the methods like positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment, extinction etc (Yang, XU. WANG, ZHAO, 2005). Goal-Setting Theory This theory explains that if a specific task or goal is allocated to the employee and if they are well aware of their objectives and responsibilities then they will be motivated to do work. The vagueness and uncertainty in the goal may affect their performance and hence gets de-motivated. Challenging goals with adequate support and feedback can make the employee to contribute higher performance (Locke, Latham, 2006). Vrooms Expectancy Theory According to this theory an employee is influenced by several factors when he is accomplishing several tasks. Those factors include probability of completing those tasks and the output of the task. The employee opinion can be influenced by the factors like expectancy, valence and instrumentality (Lunenburg, 2011). When comparing the various theories of motivations which underpins content theory and process theory it can be concluded that the content theory explains various factors which motivates employees and process theory explains how and why an employee should be motivated. John Holland theory of personality and job fit is another theory of motivating the employees at workplace. According to his theory of personality traits and job fit the personality of the employees can be categorized into six. All employees fall under any one of this category and chooses careers according to it. The managers can assess these personality traits through several career key tests and can select employees according to the organizational needs. The personality traits explained by Holland are Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional. Realistic employees are so practical and have good working skills with tools. Investigative employees are more precise, scientific and intellectual. They possess good problem solving and decision making skills. Artistic employees are more creative and are more expressive and independent. Social employees are more helping minded and will love to work in a team. They are trust worthy and friendly. Enterprising employees are ambitious, energetic etc. They possess good leadership skills. Conventional employees are goal oriented. Managers can also use these personality traits to motivate them. Conclusion From this paper it is evident that the process of motivation can make the working atmosphere smooth and happier. Such atmosphere can increase the productivity of the organization. Proper definition and description of the concept of motivation is described in this paper. The importance of the managers to adhere with the concept of motivation is also described clearly. This paper has developed a map on the various motivational theories which has been proposed in the management papers. The concept and relevance of these theories are explained in this paper. Through this paper it has been concluded that managers can instill motivation into the employees. Managers can motivate employees through various approaches like coaching, training and development, role modeling, mentoring, monitoring etc. The approach of coaching is highlighted in this paper. Various theories like two factor theory, Maslows theory, ERG theory, vrooms theory etc are explained in this paper. The difference between pro cess theory and content theory is highlighted. The theory of John Holland which explains the personality traits and job fitness are explained here. The content theories and process theories of motivation are explained in this paper and their differences are highlighted. References Bassett-Jones, N., Lloyd, G. C. (2005). Does Herzberg's motivation theory have staying power?. Journal of Management Development, 24(10), 929-943. Dembo, M. H., Seli, H. (2007), Motivation and learning strategies for college success: A self-management approach. Routledge. Falk, A., Fischbacher, U. (2006). A theory of reciprocity, Games and Economic Behavior, 54(2), 293-315. Gagn, M., Deci, E. L. (2005). Self determination theory and work motivation, Journal of Organizational behavior, 26(4), 331-362. Griffin, R., Moorhead, G. (2011). Organizational behavior. Cengage Learning. Hafiza, N. S., Shah, S. S., Jamsheed, H., Zaman, K. (2011). Relationship between rewards and employee s Motivation in the non-profit organizations of Pakistan. Business Intelligence Journal, 4(2), 327-334. Kimball, L. S., Nink, C. E. (2006). How to improve employee motivation, commitment, productivity, well-being and safety. Corrections Today, 68(3), 66. Ledgerwood, D. M., Petry, N. M. (2006). Does contingency management affect motivation to change substance use?. Drug and alcohol dependence, 83(1), 65-72. Lunenburg, F. C. (2011). Expectancy theory of motivation: motivating by altering expectations. International Journal of management, business, and administration, 15(1), 1-6. Latham, G. P., Pinder, C. C. (2005). Work motivation theory and research at the dawn of the twenty-first century. Annu. Rev. Psychol., 56, 485-516. Locke, E. A., Latham, G. P. (2006). New directions in goal-setting theory, Current directions in psychological science, 15(5), 265-268 Martn Cruz, N., Martn Prez, V., Trevilla Cantero, C. (2009), The influence of employee motivation on knowledge transfer, Journal of Knowledge Management, 13(6), 478-490 Nohria, N., Groysberg, B and Lee, L. (2008), Employee motivation: A powerful new model. Harvard Business Review, 86(7/8), 78. Shanks, N. H. (2006). Management and motivation. Introduction to Health Care Management, 23 Yang, Q., XUE, L. J., WANG, R. K., ZHAO, W. G. (2005). REINFORCEMENT THEORY CONSIDERING DEFORMATION MECHANISM OF ROCK MASS AND NON-EQULIBRIEM ELASTO-PLASTIC MECHANICS [J], Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 20, 015